{"id":729936,"date":"2018-07-05T23:26:46","date_gmt":"2018-07-05T23:26:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/aralik-verileri-tanim-ozellikler-ve-ornekler\/"},"modified":"2018-07-05T23:26:46","modified_gmt":"2018-07-05T23:26:46","slug":"aralik-verileri-tanim-ozellikler-ve-ornekler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/aralik-verileri-tanim-ozellikler-ve-ornekler\/","title":{"rendered":"Aral\u0131k Verileri: Tan\u0131m, \u00d6zellikler ve \u00d6rnekler"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-59147 alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/43-Interval-Data.jpg\" alt=\"aral\u0131k verileri  \" width=\"1024\" height=\"613\"><\/h2>\n<h2><b>Aral\u0131k Verileri: Tan\u0131m?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tamsay\u0131 olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131lan aral\u0131kl\u0131 veri, her noktan\u0131n birbirinden e\u015fit uzakl\u0131kta yerle\u015ftirildi\u011fi bir \u00f6l\u00e7ek boyunca \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen bir veri t\u00fcr\u00fc olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. Aral\u0131k verileri her zaman iki nokta aras\u0131ndaki mesafenin standartla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve e\u015fit oldu\u011fu say\u0131lar veya say\u0131sal de\u011ferler \u015feklinde g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aral\u0131k verileri \u00e7arp\u0131lamaz veya b\u00f6l\u00fcnemez, ancak toplanabilir veya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131labilir. Aral\u0131k verileri bir  <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/interval-scale\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">aral\u0131k \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Aral\u0131kl\u0131 verilere basit bir \u00f6rnek: Fahrenheit 100 derece ile Fahrenheit 90 derece aras\u0131ndaki fark, Fahrenheit 60 derece ile Fahrenheit 70 derece aras\u0131ndaki farkla ayn\u0131d\u0131r.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130\u00e7inde <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/what-is-market-research\/\"><br \/>\n  <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pazar ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131<\/span><br \/>\n<\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  veya di\u011fer sosyal, ekonomik veya ticari ara\u015ft\u0131rma t\u00fcrlerinde veriler \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir rol oynar. Aral\u0131kl\u0131 verileri bu kadar pop\u00fcler ve talep g\u00f6ren k\u0131lan \u015fey, aral\u0131kl\u0131 verilerin elde edilmesinde neredeyse t\u00fcm istatistiksel test ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmleri desteklemesidir  <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/quantitative-data\/\"><br \/>\n  <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">nicel veri<\/span><br \/>\n<\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. <\/span> <\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aral\u0131kl\u0131 veriler, nominal verilere, s\u0131ral\u0131 verilere ve hatta oran verilerine k\u0131yasla kendilerini farkl\u0131 k\u0131lan \u00e7ok belirgin \u00f6zelliklere sahiptir. Aral\u0131k verilerinde, oran verilerinde mevcut olan tan\u0131ml\u0131 bir mutlak s\u0131f\u0131r noktas\u0131 yoktur. Mutlak s\u0131f\u0131r noktas\u0131n\u0131n olmamas\u0131, do\u011frudan b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fcklerin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 imkans\u0131z k\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, A Nesnesinin B Nesnesinden iki kat daha b\u00fcy\u00fck olmas\u0131 aral\u0131kl\u0131 verilerde bir olas\u0131l\u0131k de\u011fildir.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Daha fazla bilgi edinin: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/nominal-ordinal-interval-ratio\/\"><br \/>\n  <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">De\u011fi\u015fken \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm \u00d6l\u00e7ekleri &#8211; Nominal, Ordinal, Aral\u0131k ve Oran.<\/span><br \/>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<h3><b>Aral\u0131kl\u0131 Veri Analizi<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aral\u0131k verileri nicel veri t\u00fcr\u00fc oldu\u011fundan, nicel analiz i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan hemen hemen t\u00fcm y\u00f6ntemler kullan\u0131labilir. \u0130\u015fte birka\u00e7 \u00f6rnek:  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>1. Trend analizi<\/b><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/features\/trend-analysis.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trend analizi<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  belirli bir s\u00fcre boyunca anket verilerini yakalayarak e\u011filimleri ve i\u00e7g\u00f6r\u00fcleri \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan pop\u00fcler bir aral\u0131k veri analizi tekni\u011fidir. Di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle, aral\u0131kl\u0131 veriler \u00fczerinde bir e\u011filim analizi, ayn\u0131 soru kullan\u0131larak birden fazla yinelemede aral\u0131k \u00f6l\u00e7ekli bir anket kullan\u0131larak veri toplanmas\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>2. SWOT Analizi<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bir kurulu\u015fun g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc y\u00f6nlerini, zay\u0131f y\u00f6nlerini, f\u0131rsatlar\u0131n\u0131 ve tehditlerini de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan analize <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/swot-analysis-example\/\"><br \/>\n  <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">SWOT analizi<\/span><br \/>\n<\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  ve aral\u0131k verilerini de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve zay\u0131f y\u00f6nler bir kurulu\u015fun i\u00e7sel y\u00f6nleriyken, f\u0131rsatlar ve tehditler bir kurulu\u015fun d\u0131\u015fsal y\u00f6nleridir. Bir kurulu\u015f, SWOT analizi sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak gelecekteki pazarlama faaliyetlerini planlaman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra pazar rekabetini de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in aral\u0131k verilerini \u00f6l\u00e7ebilir.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>3. Konjoint Analizi  <\/b><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/what-is-conjoint-analysis\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Konjoint Analizi<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  genellikle bireylerin aral\u0131k \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finde karma\u015f\u0131k kararlar\u0131 nas\u0131l ald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 analiz etmek i\u00e7in uygulanan ileri d\u00fczey bir pazar ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 tekni\u011fidir. M\u00fc\u015fteriler i\u00e7in, ellerinde birden fazla se\u00e7ene\u011fin bulundu\u011fu durumlarda karar vermeden \u00f6nce hangi fakt\u00f6rlerin \u00f6nemli oldu\u011fu.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>4. TURF Analizi<\/b><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/article\/turf-analysis.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">TURF analizi<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  A\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 Totally Unduplicated Reach and Frequency analysis olan bu y\u00f6ntem, bir pazarlamac\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn ve hizmetlerin bir kombinasyonu i\u00e7in pazar ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 potansiyelini analiz etmesini sa\u011flayan bir y\u00f6ntemdir. Belirli bir ileti\u015fim kayna\u011f\u0131 ve s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ula\u015f\u0131lan m\u00fc\u015fterilerin aral\u0131k verilerini de\u011ferlendirir. Bu analiz tekni\u011fi, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan yeni bir \u00fcr\u00fcn veya hizmetin hedef pazarda iyi kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131p kar\u015f\u0131lanmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu analiz y\u00f6ntemi \u00f6ncelikle medya kampanyalar\u0131n\u0131n tasarlanmas\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmaktayd\u0131 ancak \u00fcr\u00fcn da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 ve hat analizinde de kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-center\"><strong>Anketlerle Aral\u0131kl\u0131 Veri Toplama ve Analiz Etme<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-center\"><a class=\"btn blogcta\" href=\"\/a\/showEntry.do\">\u00dccretsiz Hesab\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 \u015eimdi Al\u0131n<\/a><\/p>\n<h3><b>Aral\u0131kl\u0131 Verilerin Temel \u00d6zellikleri<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130\u015fte Aral\u0131k verilerinin birka\u00e7 \u00f6zelli\u011fi:  <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>\u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aral\u0131k verileri, yaln\u0131zca s\u0131ray\u0131 ve y\u00f6n\u00fc g\u00f6stermekle kalmay\u0131p ayn\u0131 zamanda de\u011ferdeki tam fark\u0131 da g\u00f6steren bir aral\u0131k \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi kullan\u0131larak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir termometre veya cetvel \u00fczerindeki i\u015faretler e\u015fit uzakl\u0131ktad\u0131r, daha basit bir deyi\u015fle iki i\u015faret aras\u0131ndaki ayn\u0131 mesafeyi \u00f6l\u00e7erler.  <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Aral\u0131k Fark\u0131:  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aral\u0131k verilerindeki her bir de\u011fer aras\u0131ndaki mesafeler e\u015fittir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, 10 cm ile 20 cm aras\u0131ndaki fark, 20 cm ile 30 cm aras\u0131ndaki farkla ayn\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Hesaplama:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  Aral\u0131kl\u0131 verilerde de\u011ferler toplanabilir veya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131labilir ancak b\u00f6l\u00fcnemez veya \u00e7arp\u0131lamaz. Aral\u0131k verileri, ortalama, mod, medyan vb. hesaplan\u0131rken neredeyse t\u00fcm istatistiksel analizler uygulanabilir.  <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>S\u0131f\u0131r Noktas\u0131:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Mutlak s\u0131f\u0131r noktas\u0131 keyfidir, yani bir de\u011fi\u015fken negatif bir de\u011fere sahip olsa bile \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir, \u00f6rne\u011fin s\u0131cakl\u0131k s\u0131f\u0131r\u0131n alt\u0131nda -10 olabilir ancak y\u00fckseklik s\u0131f\u0131r\u0131n alt\u0131nda olamaz. <\/span> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Aral\u0131kl\u0131 Veri \u00d6rnekleri<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>1. Bir ki\u015fi 12 saatlik bir saat kullanarak g\u00fcn boyunca zaman\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7ebilir, bu aral\u0131k verilerine iyi bir \u00f6rnektir. 12 saatlik formatta zaman, belirlenen periyotta s\u0131f\u0131rdan yeniden ba\u015flatmaya devam eden bir d\u00f6nme \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu say\u0131lar, aralar\u0131ndaki mesafe \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir ve kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bir aral\u0131k \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011findedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, 5 dakika ile 10 dakika aras\u0131ndaki fark, 12 saatlik bir saatte 15 dakika ile 20 dakika aras\u0131ndaki farkla ayn\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>2. S\u0131cakl\u0131k Fahrenheit ve Celsius cinsinden \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr ancak Kelvin cinsinden \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmez. S\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Fahrenheit ve Celsius cinsinden \u00f6l\u00e7erseniz, 0 keyfi oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in aral\u0131k verileri olarak kabul edilecektir. Ama Kelvin&#8217;de 0 mutlakt\u0131r. Kelvin&#8217;de s\u0131f\u0131r derecenin alt\u0131nda bir s\u0131cakl\u0131k olamaz.<\/p>\n<p>3. Bir IQ testinde zeka puan\u0131n\u0131 hesaplad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda. IQ i\u00e7in s\u0131f\u0131r noktas\u0131 yoktur. Psikolojik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara g\u00f6re bir ki\u015fi s\u0131f\u0131r zekaya sahip olamaz, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu \u00f6rnekte s\u0131f\u0131r keyfi bir de\u011ferdir. IQ, sabit bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi kullan\u0131larak aral\u0131klarla ifade edilen say\u0131sal verilerdir.<\/p>\n<p>4. SAT gibi s\u0131navlar\u0131n test puanlar\u0131. SAT testindeki puanlar 200-800 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131ndad\u0131r. Ham puan\u0131 (do\u011fru cevaplanan soru say\u0131s\u0131) b\u00f6l\u00fcm puan\u0131na \u00f6l\u00e7eklendirirken 0&#8217;dan 200&#8217;e kadar olan say\u0131lar kullan\u0131lmaz. Referans noktas\u0131 mutlak s\u0131f\u0131r de\u011fildir, bu nedenle aral\u0131k verisi olmaya hak kazan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>5. Ya\u015f da aral\u0131k \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finde \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilen bir de\u011fi\u015fkendir. \u00d6rne\u011fin A 15 ya\u015f\u0131nda ve B 20 ya\u015f\u0131ndaysa, B&#8217;nin A&#8217;dan daha ya\u015fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131k olmakla kalmaz, ayn\u0131 zamanda B A&#8217;dan 5 ya\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Aral\u0131kl\u0131 veriler<\/strong> en \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lan veri t\u00fcrlerinden biridir. Anket ara\u00e7lar\u0131, aral\u0131k verilerini yakalamak i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli yollar sunar. Ne zaman bir  <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/surveys\/\"><br \/>\n  <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">anket<\/span><br \/>\n<\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> bir kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131ya, belirli bir <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/demographic-survey-questions\/\"><br \/>\n  <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">demografi\u0307k soru<\/span><br \/>\n<\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lardan gelirlerini belirtmelerini isteyen bir ankette bu rakamlar s\u0131f\u0131rdan sonsuza kadar de\u011fi\u015febilir! <\/span> <\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00d6rne\u011fin:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>L\u00fctfen y\u0131ll\u0131k gelirinizi belirtiniz<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">40.000 $&#8217;\u0131n alt\u0131nda<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$40,000- $60,000<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$60,000- $80,000<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$80,000- $100,000<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">100.000 $&#8217;\u0131n \u00fczerinde<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bu \u015fekilde toplanan say\u0131sal veriler gruplar halinde kategorize edilebilir, yukar\u0131da belirtilen \u00f6rneklerde gruplar kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n y\u0131ll\u0131k gelirine g\u00f6re olu\u015fturulabilir. Ayn\u0131 gelir kategorisine giren ki\u015filer.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Birden fazla <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/article\/survey-question-answer-type.html\"><br \/>\n  <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">anket soru t\u00fcrleri\u0307 <\/span><br \/>\n<\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">aral\u0131k verileri olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir. Elde edilen bu veriler i\u00e7g\u00f6r\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zengindir, ancak bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 bunlar\u0131 bir ankette kullanmadan \u00f6nce dikkatlice d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmelidir.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-center\"><strong>Anketlerle Aral\u0131kl\u0131 Veri Toplama ve Analiz Etme<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-center\"><a class=\"btn blogcta\" href=\"\/a\/showEntry.do\">\u00dccretsiz Hesab\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 \u015eimdi Al\u0131n<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Aral\u0131k Verileri: Tan\u0131m? Tamsay\u0131 olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131lan aral\u0131kl\u0131 veri, her noktan\u0131n birbirinden e\u015fit uzakl\u0131kta yerle\u015ftirildi\u011fi bir \u00f6l\u00e7ek boyunca \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen bir [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":86,"featured_media":616154,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1114],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Aral\u0131k Verileri: Tan\u0131m, \u00d6zellikler ve \u00d6rnekler<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Tamsay\u0131 olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131lan aral\u0131kl\u0131 veri, her birinin birbirinden e\u015fit uzakl\u0131kta yerle\u015ftirildi\u011fi bir \u00f6l\u00e7ek boyunca \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen bir veri t\u00fcr\u00fc olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. Aral\u0131kl\u0131 veriler her zaman iki nokta aras\u0131ndaki mesafenin standartla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 say\u0131lar veya say\u0131sal de\u011ferler bi\u00e7iminde g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. Bu blogda, aral\u0131kl\u0131 veri \u00f6rnekleri ve anketlerin bu veri t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc toplamaya nas\u0131l yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilece\u011fi hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi edineceksiniz.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/aralik-verileri-tanim-ozellikler-ve-ornekler\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Aral\u0131k Verileri: Tan\u0131m, \u00d6zellikler ve \u00d6rnekler\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Tamsay\u0131 olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131lan aral\u0131kl\u0131 veri, her birinin birbirinden e\u015fit uzakl\u0131kta yerle\u015ftirildi\u011fi bir \u00f6l\u00e7ek boyunca \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen bir veri t\u00fcr\u00fc olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. 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