{"id":730043,"date":"2022-05-26T11:23:40","date_gmt":"2022-05-26T11:23:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/amacli-ornekleme-muhbir-secimi-icin-bir-arac\/"},"modified":"2023-02-03T12:11:23","modified_gmt":"2023-02-03T12:11:23","slug":"amacli-ornekleme-muhbir-secimi-icin-bir-arac","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/amacli-ornekleme-muhbir-secimi-icin-bir-arac\/","title":{"rendered":"Ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00d6rnekleme: Muhbir Se\u00e7imi i\u00e7in Bir Ara\u00e7"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00f6rnekleme, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n uygun kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde se\u00e7ebilmeleri ve onlara yakla\u015fabilmeleri i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n amac\u0131 hakk\u0131nda \u00f6nceden bilgi sahibi olmalar\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir. Bu bilgiler, kullan\u0131lacak test, anket veya ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n gerekliliklerine g\u00f6re toplan\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00f6rnekleme nedir?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00f6rnekleme, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/what-is-research\/\">ara\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131<\/a> y\u00fcr\u00fcten ki\u015finin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olacak \u00fcyeleri se\u00e7mek i\u00e7in kendi yarg\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00fcvendi\u011fi bir tekniktir. Bir t\u00fcr olas\u0131l\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00f6rneklemdir ve yarg\u0131sal veya uzman \u00f6rneklem olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ama\u00e7l\u0131 bir \u00f6rneklem, pop\u00fclasyonu mant\u0131ksal olarak temsil etmesi ama\u00e7lanan, rastgele se\u00e7ilmemi\u015f ve tipik olarak daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir alt k\u00fcmedir. Bu, pop\u00fclasyonun arka plan\u0131n\u0131 anlayarak ve bu varyasyonlar\u0131 g\u00f6steren bir \u00f6rneklem se\u00e7erek yap\u0131labilir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, belirli bir insan alt k\u00fcmesine eri\u015fmek istediklerinde, t\u00fcm anket kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n belirli bir profile uyacak \u015fekilde se\u00e7ildi\u011fi \u00f6rnekleme y\u00f6ntemini kullan\u0131rlar.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Neden ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00f6rnekleme?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00f6rnekleme, \u00f6rneklem grubunun belirli niteliklere sahip olmas\u0131n\u0131n hedeflendi\u011fi rastgele bir \u00f6rnekleme y\u00f6ntemidir. Bu y\u00f6ntem bir\u00e7ok pop\u00fclasyonda kullan\u0131labilir, ancak daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir \u00f6rneklem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve daha homojen bir pop\u00fclasyon ile daha etkilidir. \u00d6rnekleme faydal\u0131d\u0131r \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 t\u00fcm verileri inceleyebilir.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131, bilgisine dayanarak ki\u015fileri veya noktalar\u0131 se\u00e7erek do\u011fru ve uygun maliyetli bir \u00f6rneklem se\u00e7ebilir.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kesin sonu\u00e7larla bir konunun daha sa\u011flam bir \u015fekilde anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/qualitative-data\/\">nitel yan\u0131t verilerinin<\/a> toplanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bu \u00f6rnekleme y\u00f6nteminde rastgelelik yoktur. Kullan\u0131lan \u00f6rnekleme y\u00f6ntemi, ara\u015ft\u0131rma, anket veya deney ba\u011flam\u0131nda son derece do\u011fru ve uygundur.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00f6rneklemler ile proje odakl\u0131 demografiyi hedeflemek kolayla\u015f\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Buradaki hata pay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. Uygun niteliklere g\u00f6re se\u00e7ildikleri i\u00e7in se\u00e7im s\u00fcreci do\u011fru ve etkilidir.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Verilerdeki ortalamalar\u0131 bulmak istiyorsan\u0131z \u00f6rnekleme kullanmak en iyisidir.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00f6rneklem kullanmak ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 olarak \u00f6nemli bir sonu\u00e7 yaratabilir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc insanlar ara\u015ft\u0131rma hakk\u0131nda belirli bir bilgiye sahiptir.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00f6rneklemenin avantajlar\u0131 ve dezavantajlar\u0131<br \/>\n<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bu \u00f6rneklemenin her t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc avantaj ve dezavantajlar\u0131 olmakla birlikte, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da listelenen baz\u0131 genel avantaj ve dezavantajlar\u0131 vard\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Avantajlar<\/b><i><\/i><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00f6rneklemenin en \u00f6nemli avantajlar\u0131ndan biri, nitel ara\u015ft\u0131rma tasar\u0131m\u0131na ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilecek homojen \u00f6rneklemeden kritik durum \u00f6rneklemesine kadar farkl\u0131 \u00f6rnekleme teknikleridir.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00f6rneklemenin yard\u0131m\u0131yla, \u00f6rnekleminizi genelle\u015ftirmek, t\u00fcm kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00f6zelli\u011fe sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 rastgele bir \u00f6rneklemden daha kolayd\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00f6rnekleme ile hata pay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uygun maliyetlidir ve ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 olarak \u00f6nemli sonu\u00e7lar \u00fcretebilir.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Dezavantajlar<\/b><i><\/i><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bu yap\u0131da \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131msal istatistiksel prosed\u00fcrler mevcuttur, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu istatistikleri ge\u00e7ersiz k\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar ara\u015ft\u0131rma projesinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olduklar\u0131n\u0131n fark\u0131nda olduklar\u0131ndan, \u00f6nyarg\u0131 olas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00d6rnekleme Nas\u0131l Yap\u0131l\u0131r<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00f6rnekleme y\u00f6ntemini uygulaman\u0131n yedi yolu vard\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-438859\" src=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/types-of-purposive-sampling.jpg\" alt=\"Ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00f6rnekleme t\u00fcrleri\" width=\"992\" height=\"985\"><\/p>\n<h3><b>1. Maksimum Varyasyon \u00d6rneklemesi<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bu ayn\u0131 zamanda heterojen \u00f6rnekleme olarak da bilinir. Bu, ilgilendi\u011finiz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli perspektiflerini yakalayan ama\u00e7l\u0131 bir \u00f6rnekleme tekni\u011fidir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>2. Homojen \u00d6rnekleme<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Homojen \u00f6rnekleme, maksimum \u00e7e\u015fitlilik y\u00f6nteminin tersi olan ama\u00e7l\u0131 bir \u00f6rnekleme y\u00f6ntemidir. Homojen \u00f6rnekleme ile ayn\u0131 ya\u015f, cinsiyet, ge\u00e7mi\u015f veya meslekten bir grup insan se\u00e7ilecektir. Genellikle belirli bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi, \u00f6zelli\u011fi veya ilgi alan\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>3. Tipik Vaka \u00d6rneklemesi<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tipik vaka \u00f6rneklemesi, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 veya de\u011ferlendirici ana \u00f6rneklemin s\u0131radan \u00fcyeleriyle ilgili bir olguyu incelemek istedi\u011finde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir anket kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n enflasyonun ortalama veya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gelirli insanlar\u0131 nas\u0131l etkiledi\u011fini anlamak istedi\u011fini varsayal\u0131m. Bu durumda, genel \u00f6rneklemden yaln\u0131zca ortalama veya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gelirliler se\u00e7ilecektir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>4. U\u00e7 Durum \u00d6rneklemesi<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">U\u00e7 durum ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00f6rnekleme, belirli bir olgu veya e\u011filim i\u00e7in belirlenmi\u015f bir normdan ayk\u0131r\u0131 de\u011ferleri incelemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>5. Kritik Vaka \u00d6rneklemesi<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kritik vaka ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00f6rnekleme, pop\u00fclasyonu temsil etmek \u00fczere bilgi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zengin bir vaka se\u00e7er. Bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131, bilgi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zengin bir vakay\u0131 inceleyerek di\u011fer benzer vakalar i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erli olacak ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar sunmas\u0131n\u0131 bekler.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>6. Toplam N\u00fcfus \u00d6rneklemesi<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Toplam pop\u00fclasyon ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00f6rnekleme, bir veya daha fazla ortak \u00f6zellik ta\u015f\u0131yan t\u00fcm pop\u00fclasyonun incelendi\u011fi veya ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u00f6rnekleme y\u00f6ntemidir. Bu nitelikler belirli deneyim, bilgi veya beceriler olabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>7. Uzman \u00d6rnekleme<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uzman ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00f6rnekleme, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131n\u0131n belirli bir uzmanl\u0131\u011fa sahip bireylerden bilgi edinmesi gerekti\u011finde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu beceri, nitel ara\u015ft\u0131rma tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 a\u015famas\u0131nda gerekli olabilir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc yeni ilgi alanlar\u0131n\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00d6rnekleme \u00d6rne\u011fi<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00f6rnekleme e\u011fitim ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131nda kullan\u0131labilir. Bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6\u011frencilerden okullar\u0131ndaki pedagojik y\u00f6ntemlere ili\u015fkin geri bildirim toplamak istedi\u011fini varsayal\u0131m. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131, sistematik inceleme i\u00e7in ilgili bilgileri sa\u011flayabilecek en parlak \u00f6\u011frencileri se\u00e7ecektir.  <\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Sonu\u00e7<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bu t\u00fcr bir \u00f6rnekleme, de\u011ferli veriler sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in bir n\u00fcfus grubu i\u00e7indeki ilgili bireylerin mevcudiyetine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar tan\u0131mlad\u0131klar\u0131 kriterleri kar\u015f\u0131layan yeterli say\u0131da ki\u015fi veya birim bulamazlarsa bu \u00f6rnekleme s\u00fcreci zaman ve kaynak israf\u0131na yol a\u00e7acakt\u0131r.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Belirli bir proje hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi sunmak i\u00e7in \u00f6nceden belirlenmi\u015f tan\u0131mlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layan bir dizi kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 bulmay\u0131 ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">QuestionPro Kitle Paneli ve Hizmetleri ile, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/surveys\/\">anketler<\/a> g\u00f6ndererek herhangi bir \u00f6zel ara\u015ft\u0131rma i\u00e7in ni\u015f demografileri hedefleyebiliriz.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a class=\"square-cta secondary-lined-cta\" href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/a\/showEntry.do?sourceRef=blog\"><strong>\u00dcCRETSIZ HESAP OLU\u015eTUR<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Yazarlar<\/strong>: Anubhav Pratap Singh &amp; Pratik Jadhav<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00f6rnekleme, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n uygun kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde se\u00e7ebilmeleri ve onlara yakla\u015fabilmeleri i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n amac\u0131 hakk\u0131nda \u00f6nceden bilgi sahibi olmalar\u0131n\u0131 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":80,"featured_media":711467,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1114],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00d6rnekleme: Muhbir Se\u00e7imi i\u00e7in Bir Ara\u00e7 | QuestionPro<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00f6rnekleme, olas\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olmayan bir \u00f6rnekleme t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Yarg\u0131sal veya uzman \u00f6rneklem olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Daha fazlas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenin.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.questionpro.com\/blog\/tr\/amacli-ornekleme-muhbir-secimi-icin-bir-arac\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00d6rnekleme: Muhbir Se\u00e7imi i\u00e7in Bir Ara\u00e7 | QuestionPro\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00f6rnekleme, olas\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olmayan bir \u00f6rnekleme t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Yarg\u0131sal veya uzman \u00f6rneklem olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. 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